本书基于语用标记表达的多维特征，探讨语用标记用法的语境条件和理解机制。采用互动语言学的分析思路，基于自然口语对话材料，以在线生成的视角进行观察，通过下一话轮证明程序将语用标记的序列分布和多模态表现作为形式依据，分析其表达功能。通过对不同类型个案考察，提出自然口语中语用标记功能浮现具有位置敏感特征，互动行为与语用标记具有互育关系，话轮转换的韵律特征框架是语用标记解读的重要途经。语用标记的韵律特征有别于语法化成分，语用标记的功能浮现从根本上说是语用化不是语法化，尽管两者在某些方面存在类似的过程表现。
This short history deals with Chinese literature from the earliest days to the May the Fourth Movement of 1919, giving a brief introduction to classical Chinese literature and a general survey of the chief writers and their most important works. The development of Chinese literature since the May the Fourth Movement will be covered in a forthing publication, "A Short History of Modern Chinese Literature."
TheOutlawsoftheMarsh，OneofthebestknownandbestlovedoftheancientChinesenovelswhichhaveedownthroughtheages，writteninthefourteenthcentury，isafictionalaccountoftwelfth-centuryeventsinthefinalyearsofHuiZong，aSongDynastyemperorwhoreignedfrom1101to1125，Ittellswhyandhowonehundredsome-oldmenandwomenareforcedbytheharshfeudalofficialdomandbandedtogetheronamarsh-girlmountain，becameleadersofanoutlawarmyofthousandsandfoughtbraveandresourcefulbattlesagainstpompous，heartlesstyrants.
China is one of the earliest ancient civilizations in the world. Chinese civilization is the only ancient civilization in humanhistory without any interruption. This book outlines the developmenttrajectory of Chinese history, represents the demeanor andcharacteristics of Chinese civilization and interprets the secrecy ofthe continuity and rejuvenation of the densely populated ancientcivilization after several thousand years of vicissitudes.
Our book is such a tool, presenting the major points of Chinese history along a complete timeline, with comparisons between the concurrent histories of China and the rest of the world. Covering a time span from 1,700,000 years ago up to AD 1911, the book includes influential historical events and figures in Chinese history, arranged in chronological order with pictures, illustrations, maps and charts. Distinguishing this book from other general introductory books on Chinese history, its contents have been arranged along a timeline, with the function of quick access highlighted by its innovative layout and a detailed index.
The Chinese nation evolevd between two rivers,the Yellow and Yangtze,basins of wheat and rice,giving Chinese people characterstics of thrift and persistence,sirvival and an innate understanding of the forces of change which e with teh revolving seasons and ever harmonious cycles of naure.
中国是早发明养蚕、缫丝、织绸的国家。而用彩色丝线在丝织物上绣成图案的刺绣工艺．大约在公元前15世纪的商代就已出现。最早的刺绣工艺主要用于服饰，大约在公元10世纪的宋代，刺绣工艺逐渐向具有观赏性的艺术品方向发展，到明、清(1368—1911年)刺绣艺术成就显著，刺绣工艺形成了不同的艺术流派．苏绣、粤绣、蜀绣、湘绣名绣争奇斗艳。苏州地处太湖之滨，盛产蚕桑．中国经济文化重心从五代（907—960年）朝江南转移，“上有天堂，下有苏杭”的说法亦就是五代时期开始流传的。江南文化经济的繁荣促使苏绣技艺有了长足的进步，苏绣艺术独领风骚，影响深远。 今天的苏绣艺术又开创了一个大有作为的新天地。苏绣艺人对传统技艺进行挖掘，加以总结．提高，发展，使苏绣艺术既有传统的文化内涵，又有新时期的时代风貌．苏绣艺术已成为中国工艺
