实验粒子物理是当今物理学研究的前沿之一。在粒子物理实验中，由粒子源轰击其他粒子产生反应，探测器系统测量反应产物获取实验数据，再通过离线数据分析取得物理结果。在这一过程中，粒子探测器与数据获取是核心环节。 本书作者在广泛、深入掌握本学科发展的基础上，结合自己多年的实际工作经验，详细地介绍了粒子物理实验中常用的各种类型的探测器，包括多丝正比室、多种类型的漂移室、闪烁计数器、硅微条探测器、切伦科夫计数器、穿越辐射探测器、量能器、大型谱仪等，以及读出电子学与仪器的总线标准，触发判选系统和在线数据获取系统。本书对粒子探测器的物理基础、性能、应用的叙述简明扼要，包括了近20年来本领域的新发展的内容，注意实用性。 本书适合于从事粒子物理实验与核物理实验的科研人员，大学相关专业高年级学生、

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

本书简述了中子与原子核相互作用的机制及相关理论模型，简要介绍了国际上几个的中子评价核数据库，如BROND-2（俄罗斯）、CENDL-2（中国）、ENDF-VI（美国）、JEF-2（欧共体）、JENDL-3（日本），提供了102个常用核素的中子核反应激发曲线。随书有-张，其中内容包括本图集的e版本和相关图形软件及其安装使用说明。读者除可直观查阅中子激发曲线图外，还可通过个人电脑直接显示本图集的相关内容，如截面曲线及所对应的能量-截面（E-x）值等。本书可作为核反应理论、核数据评价及其应用、中子物理学、粒子输运计算和某些核技术应用研究方面的科研人员，以及大学有关专业高年级学生、研究生和教师的实用工具书。

Recentyearshavebroughtarevivalofworkonstringtheory,whichhaeenasourceoffascinationsinceitsoriginsnearlytwentyyearsago.Thereseemstobeawidelyperceivedneedforasystematic,pedagogicalexpositionofthepresentstateofknowledgeaboutstringtheory.Wehopethatthiookwillhelptomeetthisneed.Togiveaprehensiveaccountofsuchavasttopicasstringtheorywouldscarcelybepossible,evenintwovolumeswiththelengthtowhichthesehavegrown.Indeed,wehavehadtoomitmanyimportantsubjects,whiletreatingothersonlysketchily.Stringfieldtheoryisomittedentirely(thoughthesubjectofchapter11iscloselyrelatedtolight-conestringfieldtheory).Conformalfieldtheoryisnotdevelopedsystematically,thoughmuchofthebackgroundmaterialneededtounderstandrecentpapersonthissubjectispresentedinchapter3andelsewhere.

Thistextbookisbasedontheone-semestercourse"IntroductiontoAstrophysics，"takenbythird-yearphysicsstudentsatTel-AvivUniversity，whichItaughtseveraltimesintheyears2000-2005.Myobjectiveinwritingthisbookistoprovideanintroductoryastronomytextthatissuitedforuniversitystudentsmajoringinphysicalsciencefields（physics，astronomy，chemistry，engineering，etc.），ratherthanforawideraudience，forwhichmanyastronomytextbooksalreadyexist.Ihavetriedtocoveralargeandrepresentativefractionofthemainelementsofmodernastrophysics，includingsometopicsattheforefrontofcurrentresearch.Atthesametime，Ihavemadeanefforttokeepthisbookconcise.