本书全面、系统地阐述了原子核物理学这门学科的基本内容，并对亚核子物理、天体物理以及核辐射测量等作了简要介绍。全书共分十三章，内容包括核的基本性质、放射性、核辐射测量、核力、核衰变、核结构、核反应、中子物理、核裂变和聚变、亚核子物理和天体物理等。书中着重叙述这些方面的基础知识和物理规律，同时适当介绍当前的一些进展情况。 为了便于读者自学，本书语言力求简明易懂，内容注意由浅入深，各章均有习题和答案。书末还附有供做习题用的“部分核素数据和粒子数据”和“常用物理常量”。 本书可作为大学物理类专业原子核物理课程的教材，并可供其他有关专业的师生和从事原子能研究和应用的人员参考。 本书是1981年出版的《原子核物理》（高等学校试用教材）的修订版。原版书于1987年获核工业部教材特等奖。1988年获全国高

本书一共分三章：章负能谱和负能谱系统、第二章负能谱热力学理论纲要和第三章黑洞热力学。其中第二章是本书的中心内容，从节到第七节集中阐述并建立了负能谱热力学的五条基本定理和定律。第八节阐述了负能谱系统的稳定平衡判据。第九至十一节讨论了熵减原理的应用以及负能谱热力学在高密度自引力坍缩物质中的应用。最后在第十二节里概述了正、负能谱中非平衡态热力学间的互补对应。

When I first decided to write a book on string theory, more than ten years ago, my memories of my student years were much more vivid than they are today. Still, I remember that one of the greatest pleasures was finding a text that made a difficult subject accessible, and I hoped to provide the same for string theory. Thus, my first purpose was to give a coherent introduction to string theory, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. No previous knowledge of string theory is assumed. I do assume that the reader is familiar with the central ideas of general relativity, such as metrics and curvature, and with the ideas of quantum field theory through non- Abelian gauge symmetry. Originally a full course of quantum field theory was assumed as a prerequisite, but it became clear that many students were eager to learn string theory as soon as possible, and that others had taken courses on quantum field theory that did not emphasize the tools needed for string theory. I have therefore tri

When I first decided to write a book on string theory, more than ten years ago, my memories of my student years were much more vivid than they are today. Still, I remember that one of the greatest pleasures was finding a text that made a difficult subject accessible, and I hoped to provide the same for string theory. Thus, my first purpose was to give a coherent introduction to string theory, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. No previous knowledge of string theory is assumed. I do assume that the reader is familiar with the central ideas of general relativity, such as metrics and curvature, and with the ideas of quantum field theory through non- Abelian gauge symmetry. Originally a full course of quantum field theory was assumed as a prerequisite, but it became clear that many students were eager to learn string theory as soon as possible, and that others had taken courses on quantum field theory that did not emphasize the tools needed for string theory. I have therefore tri

本书为“十三五”国家重点出版物出版规划项目。全书阐述了量子物理学的基本原理和概念，共9章，包括导论、量子物理学中物理量的量值、能级、光子、实物粒子、不确定原理和测量理论、薛定谔波动力学、定态理论、基本粒子和它们的相互作用。作者在书中用了许多实验事实来说明量子物理学理论的根据，并特别着重于澄清对量子物理学的一些误解"书中还简要叙述了量子物理学在原子物理、分子物理、核物理和基本粒子等领域中的应用。

My intention is that this book serve as a reference work on interacting particle systems， and that it be used as the basis for an advanced graduate course on this subject. The book should be of interest not only to mathematicians， but also to workers in related areas such as mathematical physics and mathematical biology. The prerequisites for reading it are solid one-year graduate courses in analysis and probability theory， at the level of Royden （1968） and Chung （1974）， respectively. Material which is usually covered in these courses will be used without ment. In addition， a familiarity with a number of other types of stochastic processes will be helpful. However， references will be given when results from speized parts of probability theory are used. No particular knowledge of statistical mechanics or mathematical biology is assumed. While this is the first book-length treatment of the subject of interacting particle systems， a number of surveys of parts of the field have appeared

为了便于读者了解宇称不守恒思想突破的历史过程和科学文献，本书分三篇收录了相关文献。 篇收入了有关这一发现的重要理论和实验记录：李政道、杨振宁的论文《弱相互作用中宇称守恒质疑》，吴健雄和安布勒（E.Ambler）等的论文《β衰变中宇称守恒的实验检验》和布德（R.Budde）、克雷蒂安（M.Chretien）等的论文《1.3GeVπ-介子产生的不稳定重粒子的性质》。 第二篇收入的是，1986年11月22日在哥伦比亚大学物理系举行的“宇称不守恒发现30周年学术报告会”的有关历史文献。 第三篇主要为《李政道答（科学时报）记者问》、伯恩斯坦（J.Bernstein）的《宇称问题侧记》、富兰克林（A.Franklin）的《宇称不守恒的发现与未发现》等相关文献。

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

本书由核辐射物理和辐射探测学两部分组成，构成了从辐射产生、辐射性质到辐射探测的完整体系。辐射物理部分包含了对原子核的基本性质、原子核的稳定性、核过程(包括核衰变、核反应和核裂变)发生的条件和概率、辐射与物质相互作用机制等问题的论述。辐射探测学则重点讨论探测器输出信号形成的物理过程、探测器输出回路与其工作状态的关系、统计涨落对探测器性能的影响等基本概念和共性的问题。两部分前后呼应、相互联系，有利于读者加深对辐射及其探测本质的了解，形成较为完整的概念。 本书可作为高等学校核科学与工程有关专业的教材，也可供从事核技术应用、核能科学与工程、核材料与循环及辐射防护工作的工程技术人员参考。

《粒子输运问题的数值模拟》主要讲述了，利用数值模拟研究微观粒子在介质中的输运行为，是核武器物理、核反应堆物理、激光核聚变、高温等离子体物理、X光激光物理、磁约束核聚变和惯性约束核聚变研究中不可缺少的重要工作。《粒子输运问题的数值模拟》分为6章，系统介绍了等离子体中带电粒子输运理论、辐射输运理论、辐射流体力学方程组、中子输运理论和核素燃耗、中子扩散理论及其数值模拟技术。给出了各类粒子输运方程及其涉及的输运参数的详细推导过程和计算方法，对高温介质的辐射不透明度、中子多群常数的计算与制作也给出了简单适用的算法。在此基础上，重点介绍了各类粒子输运方程和辐射流体力学方程组的离散格式与数值求解方法，给出了离散格式的稳定性判据和计算精度的数值检验方法，考虑了介质的运动对粒子输运和燃耗的影响

String theory is one of the most exciting and challenging areas of modern theoretical physics. It was developed in the late 1960s for the purpose of de-scribing the strong nuclear force. Problems were encountered that prevented this program from attaining plete success. In particular, it was realized that the dpectrum of a fundamental string contains an undesired massless spin-two particle. Quantum chromodynamics eventually proved to be the correct theory for describing the strong force and the properties of hadrons,New doors opened for string theory when in 1974 it was proposed to identify the massless spin-two particle in the string's spectrum with the graviton, the quantum of gravitation. String theory became then the most promising can-didate for a quantum theory of gravity unified with the other forces and has developed into one of the most fascinating the6ries of high-energy physics.