Ernest Shackleton led two Antarctic expeditions, and diedshortly after the beginning of the third. His first expedition wasnot a total success (they did not reach the South Pole), and thesecond was, in some senses, a total failure (they never reached theAntarctic mainland at all). Yet it is the second for which he isremembered. His expedition ship Endurance was trapped, then crushedin the ice, before his party could be landed, leaving his men in ahopeless situation. For months Shackleton held his party togetherbefore taking to boats and bringing everyone to safety to ElephantIsland. His open-boat journey to South Georgia, and the eventualrescue of the party left behind, are now legendary. Visitors toShackleton s grave in South Georgia, stepping over the loungingelephant seals that keep the dead company, pay homage to the manwho had the vision, bravery and strength to open up Antarctica forall who followed. Shackleton showed the flame of leadership as fewin the history of exploration have done, and nowhere do

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This engraved portrait of Shakespeare,taken from the title page of one of the seventy-nine copies of the First Folio of 1623 in the Folger Shakespeare Library,Washington,D.C.,is the only pictorial likeness that has any authenticity.It was engraved by Martin Droeshout at the request of Shakespeare's colleagues,John Heminges and Henry Condell,for the first collected edition of the poet's works that they brought together.Droeshout may have made the engraving from a painting that is now lost. 作者简介： VIRGINIA A.LaMAR，Assistant Editor.A member of the staff of the Folger Shakespeare Library from 1946 until her death in 1968,Miss LaMar served as research assistant to the Director and as Exective Secretary.Prior to 1946 Miss LaMar had been a secretary in the British Admiralty Delegation in Washington,D.C.,receiving the King's Medal in 1945 for her services.She was coeditor of the Historie of Travell into Virginia Britania by William Strachey,published by The Hakluyt Society in 1958,and author of En

It's history with the nasty bits left in! Want to know: Whatvile Victorian parents called their children? Who had a gruesomeglass eye for every occasion? When the first public loo wasflushed? Discover all the foul facts about the Vile Victorians -all the gore and more.

The 22-year old James Boswell first met Johnson, who was then aged 54, in 1763. Nine years later he wrote in his journal of his 'constant plan to write the life of Mr Johnson'. Boswell was tireless in his search for authenticated proof, and his training as a lawyer helped him sift the evidence of friends and to operate forensically on Johnson himself. Boswell drew him out as no one else could, and although three-quarters of the book concerns the last twenty years of Johnson's life, his skill in constructing the early years is remarkable. The text of this complete and unabridged edition is that of the 1791 first edition, and it remains, by common consent, the greatest biography in the English language. Johnson's centrality in 18th century letters is established not only by Boswell's record of his life and conversations, but also by the success of the work in placing him in a literary and cultural context. James Boswell (1740-95) was educated at Edinburgh and Glasgow universities as a lawyer. He moved to

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