Myintentionisthatthisbookserveasareferenceworkoninteractingparticlesystems，andthatitbeusedasthebasisforanadvancedgraduatecourseonthissubject.Thebookshouldbeofinterestnotonlytomathematicians，butalsotoworkersinrelatedareassuchasmathematicalphysicsandmathematicalbiology.Theprerequisitesforreadingitaresolidone-yeargraduatecoursesinanalysisandprobabilitytheory，atthelevelofRoyden（1968）andChung（1974），respectively.Materialwhichisusuallycoveredinthesecourseswillbeusedwithoutment.Inaddition，afamiliaritywithanumberofothertypesofstochasticprocesseswillbehelpful.However，referenceswillbegivenwhenresultsfromspeizedpartsofprobabilitytheoryareused.Noparticularknowledgeofstatisticalmechanicsormathematicalbiologyisassumed.Whilethisisthefirstbook-lengthtreatmentofthesubjectofinteractingparticlesystems，anumberofsurveysofpartsofthefieldhaveappearedinrecentyears.AmongtheseareSpitzer（1974a），Holley（1974a），Sullivan（1975b），Liggett（1977b），Stroock（1978），Griffeath（1979a，1981），and

This highly regarded text provides an up-to-date and prehensive introduction to modem particle physics. Extensively rewritten and updated, this fourth edition includes all the recent developments in elementary particle physics, as well as its connections with cosmology and astrophysics. As in previous editions, the balance between experiment and theory is continually emphasized. The stress is on the phenomenological approach and basic theoretical concepts rather than rigorous mathematical detail. Short descriptions are given of some of the key experiments in the field, and how they have influenced our thinking. Although most of the material is presented in the context of the Standard Model of quarks and leptons, the shortings of this model and new physiceyond its pass (such as super symmetry, neutrino mass and oscillations, GUTs and superstrings) are also discussed. The text includes many problems and a detailed and annotated further reading list. This is a text suitable for final-year physics un

《高能量密度物理：基础、惯性约束聚变和实验天体物理学》章～第7章属于流体动力学和辐射流体力学基础，然而阐述角度独特，内容与一般教材不同，使从流体力学或者从等离子体物理进入高能量密度物理研究的读者都会受益匪浅。第8章介绍利用高功率激光设施和z箍缩内爆装置得到高能量密度稠密等离子体的原理和技术，叙述简明扼要。最后三章分别论述以高能量密度物理作为基础的三个主要研究领域或学科，即惯性约束聚变、实验室天体物理和激光强场物理（相对论高能量密度系统），想要更好掌握这些知识的读者还应进一步学习有关的专著。

本书内容涵盖粒子物理基础、宇宙线的物理（加速、相互作用）和天文（起源、传播）问题及其探测方法。针对目前广为采用的大气簇射实验，本书侧重讨论了大气簇射中宇宙线各成分（包括强子、光子、μ子和中微子）的理论模型及数值模拟方法。书中的理论分析简明直观，密切结合实验，具有较强的针对性。读者通过本书可以对宇宙线这个学科有整体和适当深度的了解。本书适合作为物理学专业高年级本科生和研究生的入门教材。对粒子物理标准模型和天文学有基础性的了解有助于对本书的理解。本书亦适合工作在宇宙线领域的专家学者参考。

本书系统地总结了冲击波压缩科学在力学、物理和化学方面的研究成果，从冲击波压缩的基本概念出发，讲述了冲击波压缩科学的起源、良性学说和灾变学说，冲击波压缩下固体的弹性、塑性、加载波和卸载波等力学响，应，固体的压电、铁电、铁磁、电阻率、电极化等物理性质，以及冲击波压缩下固体的活化、改性、化学合成等化学效应。本书从力学、物理和化学的多学科角度，阐述了固体的强度效应、局域变形、高浓度缺陷等特性在冲击波压缩过程中的意义，介绍了冲击波压缩科学的发展方向。 本书可作为力学、物理、化学、材料科学、地球和天体科学等专业高年级本科生和研究生的参考书，也可供动高压物理、爆炸与冲击动力学研究领域的科研人员参考使用，对国防、民用工程和新材料开发领域的工程技术人员有着重要的参考价值。

本书以连通度图形、加和性、乘积性、机一电耦合性等材料科学的概念，分析和研究了复合导电高分子材料的功能原理，特别是这种复合材料在其导电渗流阈值附近的正、负温度系数(PTC、NTC)电阻行为，电开关特性，自发热电行为，传感功能，以及这些响应与不同外场激励的耦合关系等。典型的材料体系为目前已经获得广泛工业应用的碳黑填充高密度聚乙烯材料，但也适当涉及复相高分子基体或碳纤维填料等其他材料。通过建模演绎，可以比较深刻地理解这类材料的组分、体积分数、特别是其微结构与复合材料导电功能的内在联系，从而为设计、制备和应用这类材料奠定了一个比较通用的基础。 本书的绝大多数数据来源于作者及其研究集体近年的工作积累，但这绝不意味着这些数据或结果是性能最好、指标最高、或代表性的。本书仅仅以最一般的配方和最常见

依据通行的观点，物质的基本彻块是夸克与轻子，它们通过杨-米尔斯规范场的媒介相互作用(在这种场合下引力被忽略了)。这就意味着相互作用的形式是完全由某些内部对称群的代数结构所决定的。于是强相互作用是与SU(3)群相关联的，它是由叫做量子色动力学的规范场理论所描述的。而电一弱相互作用则是与SU(2)XU(1)群相关联的，现在它是由标准的温伯格-萨拉姆模型来描述的。本书简明地介绍了在这些思想背后的动力，以及由此而来的严谨的数学系统表述。

为了便于读者了解宇称不守恒思想突破的历史过程和科学文献，本书分三篇收录了相关文献。 篇收入了有关这一发现的重要理论和实验记录：李政道、杨振宁的论文《弱相互作用中宇称守恒质疑》，吴健雄和安布勒（E.Ambler）等的论文《β衰变中宇称守恒的实验检验》和布德（R.Budde）、克雷蒂安（M.Chretien）等的论文《1.3GeVπ-介子产生的不稳定重粒子的性质》。 第二篇收入的是，1986年11月22日在哥伦比亚大学物理系举行的“宇称不守恒发现30周年学术报告会”的有关历史文献。 第三篇主要为《李政道答（科学时报）记者问》、伯恩斯坦（J.Bernstein）的《宇称问题侧记》、富兰克林（A.Franklin）的《宇称不守恒的发现与未发现》等相关文献。

本书简述了中子与原子核相互作用的机制及相关理论模型，简要介绍了国际上几个的中子评价核数据库，如BROND-2（俄罗斯）、CENDL-2（中国）、ENDF- VI（美国）、JEF-2（欧共体）、JENDL-3（日本），提供了102个常用核素的中子核反应激发曲线。随书有-张，其中内容包括本图集的e版本和相关图形软件及其安装使用说明。读者除可直观查阅中子激发曲线图外，还可通过个人电脑直接显示本图集的相关内容，如截面曲线及所对应的能量-截面（E-x）值等。 本书可作为核反应理论、核数据评价及其应用、中子物理学、粒子输运计算和某些核技术应用研究方面的科研人员，以及大学有关专业高年级学生、研究生和教师的实用工具书。

String theory is one of the most exciting and challenging areas of modern theoretical physics. It was developed in the late 1960s for the purpose of de-scribing the strong nuclear force. Problems were encountered that prevented this program from attaining plete success. In particular, it was realized that the dpectrum of a fundamental string contains an undesired massless spin-two particle. Quantum chromodynamics eventually proved to be the correct theory for describing the strong force and the properties of hadrons,New doors opened for string theory when in 1974 it was proposed to identify the massless spin-two particle in the string's spectrum with the graviton, the quantum of gravitation. String theory became then the most promising can-didate for a quantum theory of gravity unified with the other forces and has developed into one of the most fascinating the6ries of high-energy physics.

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

When I first decided to write a book on string theory, more than ten years ago, my memories of my student years were much more vivid than they are today. Still, I remember that one of the greatest pleasures was finding a text that made a difficult subject accessible, and I hoped to provide the same for string theory. Thus, my first purpose was to give a coherent introduction to string theory, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. No previous knowledge of string theory is assumed. I do assume that the reader is familiar with the central ideas of general relativity, such as metrics and curvature, and with the ideas of quantum field theory through non- Abelian gauge symmetry. Originally a full course of quantum field theory was assumed as a prerequisite, but it became clear that many students were eager to learn string theory as soon as possible, and that others had taken courses on quantum field theory that did not emphasize the tools needed for string theory. I have therefore tri

本书内容涵盖粒子物理基础、宇宙线的物理（加速、相互作用）和天文（起源、传播）问题及其探测方法。针对目前广为采用的大气簇射实验，本书侧重讨论了大气簇射中宇宙线各成分（包括强子、光子、μ子和中微子）的理论模型及数值模拟方法。书中的理论分析简明直观，密切结合实验，具有较强的针对性。读者通过本书可以对宇宙线这个学科有整体和适当深度的了解。本书适合作为物理学专业高年级本科生和研究生的入门教材。对粒子物理标准模型和天文学有基础性的了解有助于对本书的理解。本书亦适合工作在宇宙线领域的专家学者参考。

从本书中学到物理大师做学问的方法。对称性是粒子物理的精髓，可以学到李先生如何从对称性原理出发，研究粒子物理的各种模型；如何利用量纲分析，数量级估计的方法来演绎物理定律和定理。从这本书中，还可以学到李先生是如何将理论物理和实验物理有机地结合起来。众所周知，李先生是实验与理论结合的典范，许多实验物理学家都愿意与李先生讨论他们在实验中遇到的问题，许多高能实验都是由李先生建议做的，包括美国布鲁克（Brookhaven）实验的大项目相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）的建造等。这本书陈述的物理大多数都是在第二次世界大战时期发展起来的，李先生创建，或参与，或目睹了整个过程。因此，他对这些理论的解读和理解肯定有其之处，经过了他的思维而写下了教科书将是人类宝贵的财富。

When I first decided to write a book on string theory, more than ten years ago, my memories of my student years were much more vivid than they are today. Still, I remember that one of the greatest pleasures was finding a text that made a difficult subject accessible, and I hoped to provide the same for string theory. Thus, my first purpose was to give a coherent introduction to string theory, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. No previous knowledge of string theory is assumed. I do assume that the reader is familiar with the central ideas of general relativity, such as metrics and curvature, and with the ideas of quantum field theory through non- Abelian gauge symmetry. Originally a full course of quantum field theory was assumed as a prerequisite, but it became clear that many students were eager to learn string theory as soon as possible, and that others had taken courses on quantum field theory that did not emphasize the tools needed for string theory. I have therefore tri