Originally published in 1897, this is Durkheim's pioneering attempt to offer a sociological explanation for a phenomenon regarded until then as exclusively psychological and individualistic.

Each Cambridge Companion to a philosophical figure is made upof specially commissioned essays by an international team ofscholars, providing students and non-specialists with anintroduction to a major philosopher. The series aims to dispel theintimidation that readers may feel when faced with the work of achallenging thinker. David Hume is now considered one of the mostimportant philosophers of the Western world. Although best knownfor his contributions to the theory of knowledge, metaphysics, andphilosophy of religion, Hume also influenced developments in thephilosophy of mind, psychology, ethics, political and economictheory, political and social history, and aesthetic theory. Thefifteen essays in this volume address all aspects of Hume"sthought. The picture of him that emerges is that of a thinker who,though often critical to the point of skepticism, was nonethelessable to build on that skepticism a constructive, viable, andprofoundly important view of the world. Also included in thisvolume are Hume

The most riveting political biography of our time, Robert A.Caro’s life of Lyndon B. Johnson, continues. Master of theSenate takes Johnson’s story through one of its most remarkableperiods: his twelve years, from 1949 through 1960, in the UnitedStates Senate. Once the most august and revered body in politics,by the time Johnson arrived the Senate had become a parody ofitself and an obstacle that for decades had blocked desperatelyneeded liberal legislation. Caro shows how Johnson’s brilliance,charm, and ruthlessness enabled him to become the youngest and mostpowerful Majority Leader in history and how he used hisincomparable legislative genius--seducing both Northern liberalsand Southern conservatives--to pass the first Civil Rightslegislation since Reconstruction. Brilliantly weaving rich detailinto a gripping narrative, Caro gives us both a galvanizingportrait of Johnson himself and a definitive and revelatory studyof the workings of legislative power.

We say we can no longer trust our public services,institutions or the people who run them. The professionals we haveto rely on - politicians, doctors, scientists, businessmen and manyothers - are treated with suspicion. Their word is doubted, theirmotives questioned. Whether real or perceived, this crisis of trusthas a debilitating impact on society and democracy. Can trust berestored by making people and institutions more accountable? Or docomplex systems of accountability and control themselves damagetrust? Onora O'Neill challenges current approaches, investigatessources of deception in our society and re-examines questions ofpress freedom. This year's Reith Lectures present a philosopher'sview of trust and deception, and ask whether and how trust can berestored in a modern democracy.

In this thought-provoking study, Ali Mirsepassi explores theconcept of modernity, exposing the Eurocentric prejudices andhostility to non-Western culture that have characterized itsdevelopment. Focusing on the Iranian experience of modernity, hecharts its political and intellectual history and develops a newinterpretation of Islamic Fundamentalism through the detailedanalysis of the ideas of key Islamic intellectuals. The authorargues that the Iranian Revolution was not a simple clash betweenmodernity and tradition but an attempt to accommodate modernitywithin a sense of authentic Islamic identity, culture andhistorical experience. He concludes by assessing the future ofsecularism and democracy in the Middle East in general, and in Iranin particular. A significant contribution to the literature onmodernity, social change and Islamic Studies, this book will beessential reading for scholars and students of social theory andchange, Middle Eastern Studies, Cultural Studies and many relatedareas.

People speak different languages, and always have. The AncientGreeks took no notice of anything unless it was said in Greek; theRomans made everyone speak Latin; and in India, people learnedtheir neighbours' languages - as did many ordinary Europeans intimes past. But today, we all use translation to cope with thediversity of languages. Without translation there would be no worldnews, not much of a reading list in any subject at college, norepair manuals for cars or planes, and we wouldn't even be able toput together flat pack furniture. "Is That a Fish in Your Ear?"ranges across the whole of human experience, from foreign films tophilosophy, to show why translation is at the heart of what we doand who we are. What's the difference between translatingunprepared natural speech, and translating Madame Bovary? How doyou translate a joke? What's the difference between a native tongueand a learned one? Can you translate between any pair of languages,or only between some? What really goes on when world leade

Listing more than 500 sky targets, both near and far, in 187challenges, this observing guide will test novice astronomers andadvanced veterans alike. Its unique mix of Solar System anddeep-sky targets will have observers hunting for the Apollo lunarlanding sites, searching for satellites orbiting the outermostplanets, and exploring hundreds of star clusters, nebulae, distantgalaxies, and quasars. Each target object is accompanied by arating indicating how difficult the object is to find, an in-depthvisual de*ion, an illustration showing how the objectrealistically looks, and a detailed finder chart to help you findeach challenge quickly and effectively. The guide introducesobjects often overlooked in other observing guides and featurestargets visible in a variety of conditions, from the inner city tothe dark countryside. Challenges are provided for the naked eye,through binoculars and the largest backyard telescopes. · Lists over 500 sky targets through 187 challenges suitable forthe naked eye,

People decide about political parties by taking into accountthe preferences, values, expectations, and perceptions of theirfamily, friends, colleagues, and neighbours. As most people livewith others, members of their households influence each other'spolitical decisions. How and what they think about politics andwhat they do are the outcomes of social processes. Applying variedstatistical models to data from extensive German and Britishhousehold surveys, this book shows that wives and husbandsinfluence each other; young adults influence their parents,especially their mothers. Wives and mothers sit at the centre ofhouseholds: their partisanship influences the partisanship ofeveryone else, and the others affect them. Politics in householdsinteracts with competition among the political parties to sustainbounded partisanship. People ignore one of the major parties andvary their preference of its major rival over time. Electioncampaigns reinforce these choices.

By virtue of its casual, off-handedly brilliant wisdom and theeasy splendor of its nature writing, Thoreau’s account of hisadventure in self-reliance on the shores of a pond in Massachusettsis one of the signposts by which the modern mind has located itselfin an increasingly bewildering world. Deeply sane, invigorating inits awareness of humanity’s place in the moral and natural order,Walden represents the progressive spirit of nineteenth-centuryAmerica at its eloquent best.

A Thousand Splendid Suns is a breathtaking story set against the volatile events of Afghanistan's last thirty years-from the Soviet invasion to the reign of the Taliban to post-Taliban rebuilding--that puts the violence, fear, hope, and faith of this country in intimate, human terms. It is a tale of two generations of characters brought jarringly together by the tragic sweep of war, where personal lives--the struggle to survive, raise a family, find happiness--are inextricable from the history playing out around them. Propelled by the same storytelling instinct that made TheKiteRunner a beloved classic, A Thousand Splendid Suns is at once a remarkable chronicle of three decades of Afghan history and a deeply moving account of family and friendship. It is a striking, heart-wrenching novel of an unforgiving time, an unlikely friendship, and an indestructible love--a stunning accomplishment.

Musicians are always quick to adopt and explore newtechnologies. The fast-paced changes wrought by electrification,from the microphone via the analogue synthesiser to the laptopcomputer, have led to a wide diversity of new musical styles andtechniques. Electronic music has grown to a broad field ofinvestigation, taking in historical movements such as musiqueconcrète and elektronische musik, and contemporary trends such aselectronic dance music and electronica. A fascinating array ofcomposers and inventors have contributed to a diverse set oftechnologies, practices and music. This book brings together somenovel threads through this scene, from the viewpoint of researchersat the forefront of the sonic explorations empowered by electronictechnology. The chapters provide accessible and insightfuloverviews of core topic areas and uncover some hitherto lesspublicised corners of worldwide movements. Recent areas of intenseactivity such as audiovisuals, live electronic music, interactivityand network music ar

Teaches students of all ages the basics of phonics with atime-tested, foolproof method This tenth edition of the best-selling book teaches reading usingsounds and spelling patterns. These sounds and patterns areintroduced one at a time, and slowly built into words, syllables,phrases, and sentences. Simple step-by-step directions begin everylesson. Although originally designed for K-2 emergent readers, thisaward-winning book is also successfully being used with adolescentand adult learners, as well as second language learners andstudents with learning disabilities. Wise and humorous proverbsencourage virtues such as patience, perseverance, honesty,kindness, compassion, courage, and loyalty. Offers help for all students including those with learningdisabilities or very short attention spans Includes extensive examples, word lists, and practice readingsthat are 100% decodable Uses a multisensory method that benefits all learningstyles This bestselling, much-loved book offers

A comparison of the development of the synthetic dye industry inGreat Britain, Germany, and the US. The rise of this industryconstitutes an important chapter in business, economic, andtechnological history because synthetic dyes - invented in 1857-represent the first time that a scientific discovery quickly gaverise to a new industry. British firms led the industry for the nexteight years, but German firms came to dominate the industry fordecades before WWI, while American firms played only a minor roleduring the entire period. This study identifies differences ineducational institutions and patent laws as the key reasons forGerman leadership in this industry. Successful firms had strongties to the centers of organic chemistry knowledge. The book alsoargues that a complex coevolutionary process linking firms,technology and national institutions resulted in very differentdegrees of industrial success for dye firms in the threecountries.

This Companion makes a new departure in Hobbes scholarship,addressing a philosopher whose impact was as great on ContinentalEuropean theories of state and legal systems as it was at home.This volume is a systematic attempt to incorporate work from boththe Anglophone and Continental traditions, bringing together newlycommissioned work by scholars from ten different countries in atopic-by-topic sequence of essays that follows the structure ofLeviathan, re-examining the relationship among Hobbes's physics,metaphysics, politics, psychology, and religion. Collectively theyshowcase important revisionist scholarship that re-examines boththe context for Leviathan and its reception, demonstrating thedegree to which Hobbes was indebted to the long tradition ofEuropean humanist thought. This Cambridge Companion shows thatHobbes's legacy was never lost and that he belongs to a traditionof reflection on political theory and governance that is stillalive, both in Europe and in the diaspora.

'Dr Fromm is deeply concerned with the most important unifying questions that can be asked about contemporary western society - is it sane? He criticises very sharply those social psychologists who act as expert apologists for the status quo.' - The New Statesman 'Erich Fromm speaks with wisdom, compassion, learning and insight into the problems of individuals trapped in a social world that is needlessly cruel and hostile.' - Noam Chomsky Dr Fromm is deeply concerned with the most important unifying questions that can be asked about contemporary western society - is it sane? He criticises very sharply those social psychologists who act as expert apologists for the status quo. - The New Statesman Erich Fromm speaks with wisdom, compassion, learning and insight into the problems of individuals trapped in a social world that is needlessly cruel and hostile. - Noam Chomsky `He has enriched our understanding of man in humanity, compassion and love.' - Sunday Times `He has enriched our

The medieval Norse-Icelandic saga is one of the most importantEuropean vernacular literary genres of the Middle Ages. ThisIntroduction to the saga genre outlines its origins anddevelopment, its literary character, its material existence inmanu*s and printed editions, and its changing reception fromthe Middle Ages to the present time. Its multiple sub-genres -including family sagas, mythical-heroic sagas and sagas of knights- are described and discussed in detail, and the world of medievalIcelanders is powerfully evoked. The first general study of the OldNorse-Icelandic saga to be written in English for some decades, theIntroduction is based on up-to-date scholarship and engages withcurrent debates in the field. With suggestions for further reading,detailed information about the Icelandic literary canon, and a mapof medieval Iceland, this book is aimed at students of medievalliterature and assumes no prior knowledge of Scandinavianlanguages.

Shakespeare's history plays, as fresh today as when they werewritten, are based upon the assumption that time is not simply adestroyer but a preserver, and that 'examples past' might enable usto understand the present and anticipate the future. This livelystudy examines the continuing tradition of Shakespeare's historyplays in stage and film productions as well as giving an account ofthe critical debate on these plays. Following two introductorychapters giving essential background on the genre, the Englishhistory plays are discussed in turn, bringing out the distinctivecharacteristics of each play: the three early Henry VI plays; theperennial stage favourite Richard III; King John; Richard II; HenryIV 1 and 2, famous for the character of Falstaff; Henry V, which istreated very differently in the film versions by Olivier andBranagh; and Henry VIII. An invaluable introduction to thesefascinating and complex plays.

This Companion is an essential guide to all aspects of the organand its music. It examines in turn the instrument, the player andthe repertoire. The early chapters tell of the instrument's historyand construction, identify the scientific basis of its sounds andthe development of its pitch and tuning, examine the history of theorgan case, and consider the current trends and conflicts withinthe world of organ building. Central chapters investigate thepractical art of learning and playing the organ, introduce thecomplex area of performance practice, and outline the relationshipbetween organ playing and the liturgy of the church. The finalsection explores the vast repertoire of organ music, focusing on aselection of the most important traditions.

Once upon a time Martians and Venusians met, fell in love, and had happy relationships together because they respected and accepted their differences. Then they came to Earth and amnesia set in: they forgot they were from different planets. Based on years of successful counseling of couples and individuals, Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus has helped millions of couples transform their relationships. Now viewed as a modern classic, this phenomenal book has helped men and women realize how different they really are and how to communicate their needs in such a way that conflict doesn't arise and intimacy is given every chance to grow.

Some of the most innovative and spell-binding literature hasbeen written for young people, but only recently has academic studyembraced its range and complexity. This Companion offers astate-of-the-subject survey of English-language children'sliterature from the seventeenth century to the present. Withdiscussions ranging from eighteenth-century moral tales to modernfantasies by J. K. Rowling and Philip Pullman, the Companionilluminates acknowledged classics and many more neglected works.Its unique structure means that equal consideration can be given toboth texts and contexts. Some chapters analyse key themes and majorgenres, including humour, poetry, school stories, and picturebooks. Others explore the sociological dimensions of children'sliterature and the impact of publishing practices. Written byleading scholars from around the world, this Companion will beessential reading for all students and scholars of children'sliterature, offering original readings and new research thatreflects the latest dev

Anthony Trollope was among the most prolific, popular, andrichly diverse writers of the mid-Victorian period, withforty-seven novels and a variety of other writings to his name.Both a serial and series writer whose novels traversed Ireland,England, Australia and New Zealand, and genres from realism toscience fiction, Trollope also published criticism, short fiction,travel writing and biography. The Cambridge Companion to AnthonyTrollope provides a state-of-the-field review of criticalperspectives on his work, with the volume's sixteen essaysaddressing Trollope's biography, autobiography, canonical fiction,short stories and travel writing, as well as surveying diversetopics including gender, sexuality, vulgarity, and the law.

A great master of the early Renaissance, Piero della Francescacre-ated paintings for ecclesiastics, confraternities, andillustriousnobles throughout the Italian peninsula. Since the earlytwentiethcentury, the rational space, abstract designs, lucidillumination,and naturalistic details of his pictures haveattracted a wide audi-ence. Piero's treatises on mathematics andperspective also fasci-nate scholars in a wide range ofdisciplines. The Cambridge Com-panion to Piero della Francescabrings together new essays thatoffer a synthesis and overview ofPiero's life and accomplishmentsas a painter and theoretician. Theyexplore a variety of themesassociated with the artist's career,including the historical and reli-gious circumstances surroundingPiero's altarpieces and frescoes;the politics underlying hisportraits; the significance of clothing inhis paintings; theinfluence of his theories on perspective andmathematics; and theartist's enduring fascination for modernpainters and writers.

For this updated edition of All's Well, Alexander Leggatt haswritten a wholly new Introduction to one of Shakespeare's mostpuzzling, ambiguous and demanding plays. Leggatt's interest inperformance informs his introduction and his account of theinstability of the main characters. He offers a full, illustratedand thoughtful account of the play's critical and theatricalfortunes to the end of the twentieth century, and of our experienceas an audience of seeing and hearing it performed. An updatedreading list completes the edition.