本书以连通度图形、加和性、乘积性、机一电耦合性等材料科学的概念,分析和研究了复合导电高分子材料的功能原理,特别是这种复合材料在其导电渗流阈值附近的正、负温度系数(PTC、NTC)电阻行为,电开关特性,自发热电行为,传感功能,以及这些响应与不同外场激励的耦合关系等。典型的材料体系为目前已经获得广泛工业应用的碳黑填充高密度聚乙烯材料,但也适当涉及复相高分子基体或碳纤维填料等其他材料。通过建模演绎,可以比较深刻地理解这类材料的组分、体积分数、特别是其微结构与复合材料导电功能的内在联系,从而为设计、制备和应用这类材料奠定了一个比较通用的基础。 本书的绝大多数数据来源于作者及其研究集体近年的工作积累,但这绝不意味着这些数据或结果是性能最好、指标最高、或代表性的。本书仅仅以最一般的配方和最常见
从本书中学到物理大师做学问的方法。对称性是粒子物理的精髓,可以学到李先生如何从对称性原理出发,研究粒子物理的各种模型;如何利用量纲分析,数量级估计的方法来演绎物理定律和定理。从这本书中,还可以学到李先生是如何将理论物理和实验物理有机地结合起来。众所周知,李先生是实验与理论结合的典范,许多实验物理学家都愿意与李先生讨论他们在实验中遇到的问题,许多高能实验都是由李先生建议做的,包括美国布鲁克(Brookhaven)实验的大项目相对论重离子对撞机(RHIC)的建造等。这本书陈述的物理大多数都是在第二次世界大战时期发展起来的,李先生创建,或参与,或目睹了整个过程。因此,他对这些理论的解读和理解肯定有其之处,经过了他的思维而写下了教科书将是人类宝贵的财富。
Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.
实验粒子物理是当今物理学研究的前沿之一。在粒子物理实验中,由粒子源轰击其他粒子产生反应,探测器系统测量反应产物获取实验数据,再通过离线数据分析取得物理结果。在这一过程中,粒子探测器与数据获取是核心环节。本书作者在广泛、深入掌握本学科发展的基础上,结合自己多年的实际工作经验,详细地介绍了粒子物理实验中常用的各种类型的探测器,包括多丝正比室、多种类型的漂移室、闪烁计数器、硅微条探测器、切伦科夫计数器、穿越辐射探测器、量能器、大型谱仪等,以及读出电子学与仪器的总线标准,触发判选系统和在线数据获取系统。本书对粒子探测器的物理基础、性能、应用的叙述简明扼要,包括了近20年来本领域的新发展的内容,注意实用性。本书适合于从事粒子物理实验与核物理实验的科研人员,相关专业高年级学生、教师及研究
Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.
在本书中,我们首先对标准模型理论和B介子物理的基本理论框架作简要的综述,然后分别在幺正规范和特荷夫特-费曼规范下计算$b\osV$衰变过程,给出详细的解析计算结果。在最后两章,我们对B介子的混合与衰变过程和pQCD因子化方法做了细致的研究和分析,给出了计算实例。