本书分6章论述了数学与教育的关系，数学的重要性，数学教育的重要性以及数学对于教育的特殊性，进而阐明了数学所具有的一系列文化教育功能——数学的自然科学教育功能，社会科学教育功能，人文科学教育功能与思维教育功能。 作者在书中提出了许多自己的新观点，并作了精辟的论述。
Thoughitstitle"IntegralGeometry"mayappearsomewhatunusualinthiscontextitisneverthelessquiteappropriate,forIntegralGeometryisanoutgrowthofwhatintheoldendayswasreferredtoas"geometricprobabil-ities." Originating,aslegendhasit,withtheBuffonneedleproblem（whichafternearlytwocenturieshaslostlittleofitseleganceandappeal）,geometricprobabilitieshaverunintodifficultiesculminatingintheparadoxesofBertrandwhichthreatenedthefledglingfieldwithbanishmentfromthehomeofMathematics.Inrescuingitfromthisfate,Poincar6madethesuggestionthatthearbitrarinessofdefinitionunderlyingtheparadoxescouldberemovedbytyingcloserthedefinitionofprobabilitywithageometricgroupofwhichitwouldhavetobeaninvariant.
