《高能量密度物理：基础、惯性约束聚变和实验天体物理学》章～第7章属于流体动力学和辐射流体力学基础，然而阐述角度独特，内容与一般不同，使从流体力学或者从等离子体物理进入高能量密度物理研究的读者都会受益匪浅。第8章介绍利用高功率激光设施和z箍缩内爆装置得到高能量密度稠密等离子体的原理和技术，叙述简明扼要。最后三章分别论述以高能量密度物理作为基础的三个主要研究领域或学科，即惯性约束聚变、实验室天体物理和激光强场物理（相对论高能量密度系统），想要更好掌握这些知识的读者还应进一步学习有关的专著。

从本书中学到物理大师做学问的方法。对称性是粒子物理的精髓，可以学到李先生如何从对称性原理出发，研究粒子物理的各种模型；如何利用量纲分析，数量级估计的方法来演绎物理定律和定理。从这本书中，还可以学到李先生是如何将理论物理和实验物理有机地结合起来。众所周知，李先生是实验与理论结合的典范，许多实验物理学家都愿意与李先生讨论他们在实验中遇到的问题，许多高能实验都是由李先生建议做的，包括美国布鲁克（Brookhaven）实验的大项目相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）的建造等。这本书陈述的物理大多数都是在第二次世界大战时期发展起来的，李先生创建，或参与，或目睹了整个过程。因此，他对这些理论的解读和理解肯定有其之处，经过了他的思维而写下了教科书将是人类宝贵的财富。

从本书中学到物理大师做学问的方法。对称性是粒子物理的精髓，可以学到李先生如何从对称性原理出发，研究粒子物理的各种模型；如何利用量纲分析，数量级估计的方法来演绎物理定律和定理。从这本书中，还可以学到李先生是如何将理论物理和实验物理有机地结合起来。众所周知，李先生是实验与理论结合的典范，许多实验物理学家都愿意与李先生讨论他们在实验中遇到的问题，许多高能实验都是由李先生建议做的，包括美国布鲁克（Brookhaven）实验的大项目相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）的建造等。这本书陈述的物理大多数都是在第二次世界大战时期发展起来的，李先生创建，或参与，或目睹了整个过程。因此，他对这些理论的解读和理解肯定有其之处，经过了他的思维而写下了教科书将是人类宝贵的财富。

《高能量密度物理：基础、惯性约束聚变和实验天体物理学》章～第7章属于流体动力学和辐射流体力学基础，然而阐述角度独特，内容与一般不同，使从流体力学或者从等离子体物理进入高能量密度物理研究的读者都会受益匪浅。第8章介绍利用高功率激光设施和z箍缩内爆装置得到高能量密度稠密等离子体的原理和技术，叙述简明扼要。最后三章分别论述以高能量密度物理作为基础的三个主要研究领域或学科，即惯性约束聚变、实验室天体物理和激光强场物理（相对论高能量密度系统），想要更好掌握这些知识的读者还应进一步学习有关的专著。

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

这部《飞鸟天堂》画册是奥杜邦经过了十几年的野外观察和苦心创作之后完成的。全书共有435幅手绘的鸟类图画。 这些图片的原稿首先在英国由技艺高超的雕刻师哈维尔翻刻成铜版，然后再交付印刷。 《飞鸟天堂》原本的尺寸非常巨大，宽66厘米，高98厘米，是有史以来最重最精美的图书。最初印刷出来的200本被抢购一空。2010年，其中一本的拍卖价格超过了700万英镑。 奥杜邦在这些作品中展现了臻于完美的水彩绘画技巧和精细的层次、卓绝的画工。更为重要的是他和以前的动物插图画家笔下呆板的风格不同，他每幅作品都要事先花大量的时间来研究每种鸟类实际的生存环境、捕食和运动姿态，同时也适度地进行戏剧化处理和美化，达到了科学性和艺术性的完美平衡。 奥杜邦在出版了该图谱之后，又出版了与之匹配的文本著作，多达五卷。该中文版限于篇

String theory is one of the most exciting and challenging areas of modern theoretical physics. It was developed in the late 1960s for the purpose of de-scribing the strong nuclear force. Problems were encountered that prevented this program from attaining plete success. In particular, it was realized that the dpectrum of a fundamental string contains an undesired massless spin-two particle. Quantum chromodynamics eventually proved to be the correct theory for describing the strong force and the properties of hadrons,New doors opened for string theory when in 1974 it was proposed to identify the massless spin-two particle in the string's spectrum with the graviton, the quantum of gravitation. String theory became then the most promising can-didate for a quantum theory of gravity unified with the other forces and has developed into one of the most fascinating the6ries of high-energy physics.

从本书中学到物理大师做学问的方法。对称性是粒子物理的精髓，可以学到李先生如何从对称性原理出发，研究粒子物理的各种模型；如何利用量纲分析，数量级估计的方法来演绎物理定律和定理。从这本书中，还可以学到李先生是如何将理论物理和实验物理有机地结合起来。众所周知，李先生是实验与理论结合的典范，许多实验物理学家都愿意与李先生讨论他们在实验中遇到的问题，许多高能实验都是由李先生建议做的，包括美国布鲁克（Brookhaven）实验的大项目相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）的建造等。这本书陈述的物理大多数都是在第二次世界大战时期发展起来的，李先生创建，或参与，或目睹了整个过程。因此，他对这些理论的解读和理解肯定有其之处，经过了他的思维而写下了教科书将是人类宝贵的财富。

在杨-米尔斯理论发表50周年之际，这本无价的文集回顾了由这一美妙思想引发出来的基本粒子物理的发展和成就。 在过去的50年，作为理论物理不可否认的最重要的基础，杨一米尔斯理论得到了广阔的发展。从各种视角对这一理论进行的研究，使理论以许多新的、没有预想到的面貌被揭示出来。在最近几十年，从高能物理延伸出去，该理论已经活跃地应用在物理学的其他分支中，诸如统计物理、凝聚态物理和非线性系统等，使这一理论成为所有从事物理学工作的人无法回避的课题。

为适应核科学技术和核能利用迅速发展的需要，在核工业部领导的关怀和支持下，我们组织了二百多位有关方面的专家、教授、工程师，经过六年多的努力，编著了这部《核科学技术辞典》。核科学技术是一门综合性的科学，涉及到地矿、冶金、物理、化学、电子、医学、同位素等专业，因此本辞典对于从事核能事业的科技人员和其他有关专业的科技人员都有参考价值。 为了编好这部较实用的核科学技术辞典，我们对每个词条的定名、定义和释文都广泛参照外有关标准和词书，严格注意它的科学性、准确性和知识性。所以本辞典既是一部核领域中有关专业名词、术语达到统一和规范化的工具书，又是一部核科技知识普及与提高相结合的参考书。对我国四化建设和促进国际科学技术交流都有帮助。 本辞典共收词4000余条，其中包括：核物理、放射化学、辐射化

本书内容涵盖粒子物理基础、宇宙线的物理（加速、相互作用）和天文（起源、传播）问题及其探测方法。针对目前广为采用的大气簇射实验，本书侧重讨论了大气簇射中宇宙线各成分（包括强子、光子、μ子和中微子）的理论模型及数值模拟方法。书中的理论分析简明直观，密切结合实验，具有较强的针对性。读者通过本书可以对宇宙线这个学科有整体和适当深度的了解。本书适合作为物理学专业高年级本科生和研究生的入门教材。对粒子物理标准模型和天文学有基础性的了解有助于对本书的理解。本书亦适合工作在宇宙线领域的专家学者参考。

核科学技术是一门自然科学与技术科学相交叉的综合学科。经过几十年的发展，目前已形成几十个分支学科。本报告选择发展较为成熟、与国民经济密切相关且反映外核科技水平的分支学科开展重点研究。核科学技术研究是核能事业生存与发展的先导和基础，更是核能利用、核燃料循环、核技术应用产业发展的技术支撑。目前，我国在核科学与技术研究领域已经形成了一套包含基础研究、应用研究和工程研究的完整体系。 本报告分综合报告和20个专题报告，其目的是展现国外核科

When I first decided to write a book on string theory, more than ten years ago, my memories of my student years were much more vivid than they are today. Still, I remember that one of the greatest pleasures was finding a text that made a difficult subject accessible, and I hoped to provide the same for string theory. Thus, my first purpose was to give a coherent introduction to string theory, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. No previous knowledge of string theory is assumed. I do assume that the reader is familiar with the central ideas of general relativity, such as metrics and curvature, and with the ideas of quantum field theory through non- Abelian gauge symmetry. Originally a full course of quantum field theory was assumed as a prerequisite, but it became clear that many students were eager to learn string theory as soon as possible, and that others had taken courses on quantum field theory that did not emphasize the tools needed for string theory. I have therefore tri

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

String theory is one of the most exciting and challenging areas of modern theoretical physics. It was developed in the late 1960s for the purpose of de-scribing the strong nuclear force. Problems were encountered that prevented this program from attaining plete success. In particular, it was realized that the dpectrum of a fundamental string contains an undesired massless spin-two particle. Quantum chromodynamics eventually proved to be the correct theory for describing the strong force and the properties of hadrons,New doors opened for string theory when in 1974 it was proposed to identify the massless spin-two particle in the string's spectrum with the graviton, the quantum of gravitation. String theory became then the most promising can-didate for a quantum theory of gravity unified with the other forces and has developed into one of the most fascinating the6ries of high-energy physics.

依据通行的观点，物质的基本彻块是夸克与轻子，它们通过杨-米尔斯规范场的媒介相互作用(在这种场合下引力被忽略了)。这就意味着相互作用的形式是完全由某些内部对称群的代数结构所决定的。于是强相互作用是与SU(3)群相关联的，它是由叫做量子色动力学的规范场理论所描述的。而电一弱相互作用则是与SU(2)XU(1)群相关联的，现在它是由标准的温伯格-萨拉姆模型来描述的。本书简明地介绍了在这些思想背后的动力，以及由此而来的严谨的数学系统表述。

从本书中学到物理大师做学问的方法。对称性是粒子物理的精髓，可以学到李先生如何从对称性原理出发，研究粒子物理的各种模型；如何利用量纲分析，数量级估计的方法来演绎物理定律和定理。从这本书中，还可以学到李先生是如何将理论物理和实验物理有机地结合起来。众所周知，李先生是实验与理论结合的典范，许多实验物理学家都愿意与李先生讨论他们在实验中遇到的问题，许多高能实验都是由李先生建议做的，包括美国布鲁克（Brookhaven）实验的大项目相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）的建造等。这本书陈述的物理大多数都是在第二次世界大战时期发展起来的，李先生创建，或参与，或目睹了整个过程。因此，他对这些理论的解读和理解肯定有其之处，经过了他的思维而写下了教科书将是人类宝贵的财富。

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

Recent years have brought a revival of work on string theory, which haeen a source of fascination since its origins nearly twenty years ago.There seems to be a widely perceived need for a systematic, pedagogical exposition of the present state of knowledge about string theory. We hope that thiook will help to meet this need. To give a prehensive account of such a vast topic as string theory would scarcely be possible,even in two volumes with the length to which these have grown. Indeed,we have had to omit many important subjects, while treating others only sketchily. String field theory is omitted entirely (though the subject of chapter 11 is closely related to light-cone string field theory). Conformal field theory is not developed systematically, though much of the background material needed to understand recent papers on this subject is presented in chapter 3 and elsewhere.

本书系统地总结了冲击波压缩科学在力学、物理和化学方面的研究成果，从冲击波压缩的基本概念出发，讲述了冲击波压缩科学的起源、良性学说和灾变学说，冲击波压缩下固体的弹性、塑性、加载波和卸载波等力学响，应，固体的压电、铁电、铁磁、电阻率、电极化等物理性质，以及冲击波压缩下固体的活化、改性、化学合成等化学效应。本书从力学、物理和化学的多学科角度，阐述了固体的强度效应、局域变形、高浓度缺陷等特性在冲击波压缩过程中的意义，介绍了冲击波压缩科学的发展方向。 本书可作为力学、物理、化学、材料科学、地球和天体科学等专业高年级本科生和研究生的参考书，也可供动高压物理、爆炸与冲击动力学研究领域的科研人员参考使用，对国防、民用工程和新材料开发领域的工程技术人员有着重要的参考价值。